冬季海南岛五个海湾浮游植物光合色素分布的比较研究

Comparative study on the distribution of phytoplankton pigments in five bays of Hainan Island

为了研究海南岛周边海湾浮游植物群落分布特征,于2010年12月在海南岛周边5个海湾(海口湾、澄迈湾、洋浦-新英湾、陵水新村湾、三亚大东海)进行生态调查,分析了调查区域表层水的光合色素分布特征、浮游植物群落结构以及环境因素,对浮游植物不同类群的影响。本次调查共检出17种光合色素,岩藻黄素和叶绿素a是含量最高的两种色素,平均值分别达到0.410?g/L和0.278?g/L。CHEMTAX分析表明,调查海湾浮游植物类群主要包括硅藻、甲藻、蓝藻、青绿藻、隐藻等;浮游植物类群以硅藻为主,其次是隐藻与青绿藻。海南岛北部3个海湾(海口湾、澄迈湾、洋浦-新英湾)的硅藻比例低于南部2个海湾(陵水新村湾、三亚大东海),但其隐藻比例高于南部海湾。RDA结果显示,不同门类的浮游植物受环境因子影响的模式不同:定鞭藻、金藻、蓝藻与盐度、温度呈较强正相关,而与硅酸盐呈较强负相关;硅藻与盐度、温度呈较强正相关,与DIN、硅酸盐、磷酸盐呈负相关;甲藻、绿藻与DIN、磷酸盐呈较强正相关并与其他环境因子相关性较小;隐藻、青绿藻与硅酸盐呈较强正相关,与盐度、温度呈极强负相关。

Based on data from an ecological investigation in December 2010, in this study, we identified phyto-plankton marker pigments and their functional groups using high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）–CHEMTAX analytical techniques in five bays along the coast of Hainan Island, including Haikou Bay （Haikou City）, Chengmai Bay （Chengmai City）, Yangpu-xinying Bay （Yangpu City）, Xincun Bay （Lingshui city）, and Dadonghai （Sanya city）. We identified seventeen phytoplankton pigments and determined fucoxanthin and chlorophylla to be the two major pigments, with an average concentration of 0.410 and 0.278μg/L, respectively. Based on their diagnostic pigments, we determined the presence of diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria, prasi-nophytes, and cryptophytes. Using CHEMTAX software, we confirmed that the phytoplankton community mainly comprised diatoms, cryptophytes, and prasinophytes. Although diatoms were the most dominant algal group in all the bays studied, we found that cryptophytes in the north of the island contained more chlorophylla than those in the south. The redundancy analysis results suggest that the ways in which phytoplankton are influenced by envi-ronmental factors differ for different phytoplanktons： haptophytes, chrysophytes, and cyanobacteria are positively correlated with water temperature and salinity and negatively correlated with silicate; diatoms are also positively correlated with water temperature and salinity but negatively correlated with dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN）, silicate, and phosphate; dinoflagellates and chlorophytes are positively correlated with DIN and phosphate but have no obvious correlation with other factors; cryptophytes and prasinophytes are positively correlated with silicate and strongly negatively correlated with water temperature and salinity.