精神病专科医院509例药物不良反应分析

Analysis of 509 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Psychiatric Hospital

目的:了解精神病专科医院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的情况,促进临床合理用药。方法:采用回顾性调查的方法对我院自2013年至2015年抗精神病类药物ADR报告509例,分别从患者年龄、性别、涉及药物种类以及临床具体表现等方面进行统计、分析。结果:本院上报的ADR以抗精神病类药物(602例次,68.73%)为主,ADR主要发生在10岁以上。累及10个系统-器官,主要以神经系统(356例次,40.65%)最常见,引起ADR前3位的分别是奥氮平、利培酮、氯氮平。均为非典型抗精神病药物。这与该类药物近年在临床的广泛使用有关。抗精神病类药物ADR比较普遍。结论:由于精神类疾病需要患者长期服药,各类抗精神病药物ADR发生广泛,对患者健康造成严重影响,医务工作者应展开全方位的ADR监测工作,重视抗精神病类药物的ADR,及时调整治疗方案。

Objective ： To investigate the incidence of adverse drug reactions（ADRs） in a psychiatric hospital and promote the rational drug use in clinic. Methods： A retrospective survey was performed on 509 cases of ADRs caused by psychotropic drugs in the third people＇s hospital of Changshou city, Jiangsu province from 2013 to 2015, in which the age and gender of patients, type of drug involved and clinical manifestation were analyzed. Results： The ADRs reported in this hospital were mainly caused by antipsychotic drugs（602 cases, 68.73%）, which mainly occurred in the populations above ages of 10 years and involved in ten systems or organs, mainly in nervous system（356 cases, 40.65%）. The top three drugs causing ADR were olanzapine, risperidone and clozapine, all of which were atypical antipsychotic drugs.This was related to the wide use of these drugs in clinical practice in recent years. The ADRS caused by antipsychotic drugs were popular. Conclusion： Since the patients with mental diseases needed to be treated with antipsychotic drugs for a long time, the ADRs caused by the drugs occurred widely and impacted the health of patients seriously. Medical workers should monitor all the aspects of ADRs, pay attention to the ADRs caused by antipsychotic drugs, and adjust the treatment protocol in time.