中国大学生棒垒球联赛的发展现状研究

The Status Quo of the Development of Chinese College Baseball and Softball League

以参加历届中国大学生棒垒球总决赛的队伍以及近5年北京、上海、广东等地区高校棒垒球队伍为研究对象,运用文献、访谈、数理统计,个案分析等方法,研究我国大学生校园棒球的发展现状,北京和上海地区高校棒垒球运动普及的成功经验及制约我国大学生棒垒球运动发展的因素。结果显示:广东是我国最早开展大学生棒垒球运动的地区之一,也是最早举办中国大学生棒球联赛总决赛的地区。但经过了十年的发展,广东地区高校棒垒球的发展明显落后于北京和上海的高校。北京、上海的成功经验使之获得教育部门和体育部门的支持,并通过与美国职业棒球大联盟的合作,通过赞助棒垒球比赛器材装备,赛事推广宣传,专题文化活动,不断扩大赛事影响力,从而推动校园棒垒球运动的发展。制约我国高校棒垒球运动发展最主要的因素是师资严重短缺,而具有本科学历或研究生学历的专业运动员往往又不能被高校吸收为专业教师。体育部门应加强与教育部门沟通,教育部门应给与特殊的政策帮助运动员就业。

Taking baseball and softball teams participating in the finals of the successive Chinese college students baseball and softball league and the baseball and softball teams in colleges and universities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and other regions in nearly 5 years as the research object, using methods of literature, interview, mathematical statistics and case analysis, this paper studies on the status quo of college students＇ school baseball in China, the successful experience of the popularization of the baseball and softball movement in colleges and universities in B eijing and Shanghai and the factors restricting the development of the college baseball and softball in China. The results showed that Guangdong is the earliest region carting out the college baseball and softball movement in China, as well as the earliest region holding the finals games of Chinese college baseball league. But after a decade, the development of college baseball and softball in Guangdong has obviously lagged behind that of Beijing and Shanghai. The successful experience of Beijing and Shanghai is to obtain the support of the departments of education and sports, and through the cooperation of USA professional baseball league, with the sponsoring of the baseball and softball game equipment, event promotion, special cultural activities to expand the influence, so as to promote the development of campus baseball and softball movement. The main factors restricting the development of college baseball and softball movement in China is the critical shortage of teachers, while the professional athletes having bachelor＇s degree or graduate degree often cannot be absorbed in college for professional teachers. Sports department should strengthen the communication with the education department, the education department should give special policy to help the employment of athletes.