竞赛前后氧干预对400m运动员HR、BP、BLA及运动成绩的影响

Influence of Oxygen Inhalation on the 400m Runners' HR,BP,BLA and Performances

目的:探讨竞赛前后氧干预对400m运动员心率(HR)、血压(BP)、血乳酸(BLA)及运动成绩的影响。方法:将广西师大和越南岘港各4名400m运动员分成干预组和对照组,安排三次4×400m对抗赛,干预组于赛前检录期常压吸氧5min/人,赛后10min吸氧20min/人;对照组不作任何干预。在每次对抗赛前的安静状态、赛前即刻、赛后即刻、赛后5min、10min、20min和30min七个时相分别测量全体对象的HR、BP和BLA。结果:1)在赛前即刻、赛后5min、20min干预组运动员的HR明显低于对照组,HR恢复率也明显快于对照组(P<0.05);2)干预组运动员在赛前、赛后即刻的脉压差(PP),赛后20min的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)以及赛后30min的DBP显著低于对照组(P<0.05);3)干预组运动员在赛前即刻、赛后20min和30min的BLA浓度明显低于对照组,其BLA清除率较对照组快,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。4)干预组运动员三次对抗成绩均较对照组强且每次比赛均较前一次有较大幅度的提高,对照组成绩变化不明显。结论:竞赛前后氧干预对400m运动员的成绩提高和促进赛后恢复有积极的作用,应重视氧干预技术在400m项目竞赛中的应用和推广。

[Purpose] to analyze the influence of oxygen inhalation on 400m runners＇ HR, BP, BLA and definite the effects on the performance improvement. [Method] Sampled each 4×400m runners from Guangxi Normal University and Vienna Yangang Harbor, and averaged them into experimental group and contract group. In three 4400m competition, experimental group inhaled oxygen before match 5min/person, after match 10min 20min/person; contact group had no oxygen inhalation. In every three competition, the runners＇ HR, BP and BLA were measured before match, after match immediately, after match 5min, 10min, 20min and 30min. [Results] 1 ） Before match immediately, after match 5min, and after match 20min, the experimental group＇s HR lower, and HR recovery faster than contract group （P〈0.05） . 2） The experimental group＇s PP before match and after match immediate, SBP after match 20min, DBP after match 30min are all obviously lower than contract group （P〈0.05） .3） The experimental group＇s BLA strength after match immediately, after match 20 and 30min are obviously lower than the contract group, and their BLA clearance are faster which is totally different from the contract （P〈0.01） .4） In the three competition, the experimental group＇s performances are better than the contract, and get substantially improvement comparing with contract group. [Conclusion] Oxygen inhalation before and after match have the positive effect on 400m runners＇ performance and recovery, and we should pay more importance to the application and popularization of the technique in matches.