吴敬梓的诗教观——兼论其对当今高校诗歌教育的启示

Wu ching-tzu's Opinions on Poetic Instruction and It's Enlightening Significance on Today's Poetry Education in Colleges and Universities

在抄本《文木山房诗说》的第二条,吴敬梓揭示了传统诗经学在"四始"、"六义"名目下对《诗经》的僵化理解和诠释误区,并以此为认识基础,提出他的诗教观,认为只有打破这些教条,才能充分发挥诗歌的教育、教化功能,让人在进入诗的独特场域后,将诗歌内化为自己的体悟和表达。吴敬梓的诗教观对当今高校诗歌教育具有重要的启发意义,启示教育工作者应充分总结中国传统诗歌教育的经验教训,采用启发式的教育方式,将教、学与用紧密结合在一起,从而让受教育者情操得到陶冶,气质得以升华。

In the book Poetry Talks of Wenmu Country Study,Wu Ching-tzu,the famous writer in the Qing dynasty,revealed the rigid comprehension and the interpretive mistakes in the field of traditional study on the Book of Songs under the name of＂Four-Beginning＂and＂Six-Meaning＂. On this basis,he proposed his own viewpoint on poetic instruction. Wu Ching-tzu considered that only braking the doctrine can give full play to the education of poetry,letting people enter the unique field of poetry and internalizing their own understanding and expression. These points of view are instructive to today＇s poetry education in colleges and universities. They inspire educators to sum up the experience of the Chinese traditional poetry education adequately,use heuristic way,and to put the teaching,leaning and using of poetry together. Thus educatees＇ taste will be cultivated and their temperament will be upgraded.