超验自然主义

Transcendental Naturalism

科学自然主义代表着现代性对人与自然之关系的理解。它正确地否决了人格化神灵的存在,却错误地否定了超越于人类之上的力量的存在,因而神化了人自身。我们必须由科学自然主义走向超验自然主义。超验自然主义的要点是:自然是万物之源,是万物之根,是存在之大全,不同于自然物;自然是超验的,永远不可能成为自然科学的研究对象;自然是运化不已、生生不息的,不仅自然物是变化的,自然规律也是变化的;无论科学如何进步,人类之所知相对于自然所隐藏的奥秘都只是沧海一粟;人类知识永远是渗透价值的,是属人的知识,知识把握不了"存在本身";自然永远握有惩罚人类之背道妄行的超越性力量。人类理当敬畏自然。人类应该通过生命体验、科学研究和哲学沉思去体悟自然的启示,进而明晰自己的生存之道。

Scientific naturalism is the dominant understanding of the relationship between human beings and nature in modernity.Scientific naturalism denies correctly the existence of any human-like gods,but wrongly denies the existence of the power beyond human power.As a result,it turns human kind itself into God.We have to abandon scientific naturalism and construct transcendental naturalism.Transcendental naturalism has these points that nature is the ultimate source of everything and the all of everything.Nature is not natural thing and it can never be an object of scientific study.Everything in nature is in the process of changing and becoming.Not only natural things but also natural laws are of changing and becoming.No matter how much progress sciences make,the secrets hided by nature are far beyond the reach of human knowledge.Human knowledge is always loaded with values,and cannot describe Being in itself.Nature always has the transcendental power which is able to punish human beings wrong action.Through living experiences,scientific study and philosophical thinking,human beings should revere nature,and should make clear what the right way of living is.