胃癌干细胞表面标记物的研究与最新进展

Recent advances in surface markers of gastric cancer stem cells

背景:最近人们研究发现,肿瘤的复发与肿瘤干细胞密切相关。肿瘤干细胞理论为研究胃癌的发病机制以及诊治开辟了新的途径,确定的表型有利于锁定胃癌干细胞,这有助于探讨胃癌干细胞在自我更新和分化过程中的作用,并为治疗胃癌提供新思路,但其表型仍存在争议。目的:综述胃癌干细胞表面标志物的研究进展。方法:由第一作者分别以"Gastric Cancer Stem Cells"为英文关键词检索PubM ed英文数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed)中1965年1月至2015年10月的文献,共保留68篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:通过分析整理,传统上的肿瘤干细胞表型不适合于标记胃癌干细胞。研究发现CD90在胃癌原发性肿瘤中有表达,分离后经无血清肿瘤球培养法培养可获得肿瘤球。CD24的表达有助于提高胃癌细胞的黏附、侵袭、迁移能力。此外研究证实CD44及CD54共表达的细胞会大量出现在胃癌复发早期患者的体内而不是晚期,表达CD44及CD54的肿瘤细胞很可能是导致胃癌发生以及复发的重要原因。综上所述,CD44^+CD24^+CD90^+CD54^+很可能是胃癌干细胞的表型。

BACKGROUND： It has been observed recently that tumor recurrence is closely related to cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cell theory provides a new avenue for the study of gastric cancer pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. To determine the cell phenotype is helpful to target gastric cancer stem cells, and contributes to exploring the self-renewal and differentiation of gastric cancer stem cells, further providing new ideas for the treatment of gastric cancer. However, the phenotype of gastric cancer stem cells remains controversial.OBJECTIVE： To review the research progress in gastric cancer stem cell phenotype. METHODS： A computer-based online search of Pub Med database was performed to search related articles published between January 1965 and October 2015 with the key words of ＂Gastric Cancer Stem Cells＂ in English. Sixty-eight articles were included for final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Traditional cancer stem cell phenotypes are unsuitable for marking gastric cancer stem cells. Studies have found that CD90 expresses in primary gastric cancers, and cancer stem cell spheres would be required via serum-free culture by CD90 maker. CD24 expression can improve the adhesion, invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Further studies have confirmed that a lot of cells positive for both CD44 and CD54 can be found in patients with early recurrence of gastric cancer rather than those with advanced recurrence, and CD44 and CD54 expression in tumor cells is likely to be an important cause of gastric cancer occurrence and recurrence. By analyzing the sorting, CD44＋CD24＋CD90＋CD54＋ is likely to be the gastric cancer stem cell phenotype.