钛基金属陶瓷人工髋关节材料：表面碳化钛陶瓷和复杂的微孔结构提高了表面硬度

Titanium-based cermet as an artificial joint material: the surface hardness is increased by titanium carbide ceramics and complex pore structure

背景:钛基金属陶瓷作为一种新型的人工关节材料,其制备和性能的研究对于提高人工关节的稳定性和可靠性具有重要的意义。目的:重点阐述人工髋关节材料钛基金属陶瓷的研究进展情况。方法:以"Titanium,Artificial hip,cermet,CoC rM o,钛合金,人工髋关节,金属陶瓷,钴铬钼"为检索词,检索2000至2015年Web of Science数据库及中国知网相关文献,对人工髋关节材料的发展历史、人工关节材料的选择和人工关节摩擦副的影响相关研究进行探讨。结果与结论:钛基金属陶瓷作为一种功能梯度材料,有效地结合了金属与陶瓷的性能,但又与金属表面简单的陶瓷涂层不同。由于钛金属陶瓷的成分为梯度分布,使钛金属陶瓷不存在明显的界面,因此钛金属陶瓷不存在结合力的问题,不会产生涂层脱落。但是,由于制备的原因,可能会导致钛基金属陶瓷韧性、力学性能的不足,所以,找到一种合适的制备方法可以获得性能极优的人工关节材料。通过对钛基金属陶瓷表面进行X射线衍射分析发现,实验生成的钛金属陶瓷与面心立方碳化钛的标准衍射图谱完全吻合,表明在钛合金表面均形成了单一的碳化钛陶瓷相,X射线衍射分析进一步验证了表面生成的确实是碳化钛;钛金属陶瓷表面的碳化钛陶瓷和其复杂的微孔结构极大地提高了钛合金的表面硬度。

BACKGROUND： Research on the preparation and properties of titanium-based cermet, serving as a new type of artificial joint material, is of great significance to improve the stability and reliability of the artificial joint. OBJECTIVE： To emphatically describe the research progress of titanium-based cermet as an artificial joint material. METHODS： A computer-based search of Web of Science and CNKI databases was performed for articles related to development, selection, and friction pairs of artificial joint materials published from 2000 to 2015. The keywords were ＂Titanium, Artificial hip, cermet, CoCrMo＂ in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUTION： Titanium-based cermet is a functionally graded material that effectively combines the properties of metals and ceramics, which is different from traditional ceramics coated on the metal surface. As the element composition profile with depth shows a gradient transition across the coating-substrate, the titanium-based cermet has a good metallurgic bond between the coating and the substrate. However, titanium-based cermets are likely to have poor toughness and mechanical properties due to preparation techniques. Therefore, a suitable method and technique for preparation of titanium-based cermet is warranted to improve the properties of the artificial joint material. Findings from X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that uniform and compact titanium carbide with a face-centred cubic structure is formed on the surface of titanium alloy. The surface hardness of titanium-based cermets is significantly improved due to the formation of titanium carbide and its complex microporous structure.