军用车辆底部防护研究与发展综述

An Overview of Developmentand Research on Bottom Protection Capability of Military Vehicle

底部防护对提高军用车辆的战场生存性和形成有效的乘员保护有着重要的意义,是当前军用车辆领域研究的主要方向之一。综述了军用车辆底部防护技术研究、基于数字仿真的防护能力分析与结构优化、车辆底部防护能力评价、防护策略及其应用、主要车辆底部防护技术措施及能力现状。阐述了"V"形底部结构、基于新型材料的平板形底部结构、车辆内部结构及乘员约束系统等车辆底部防护技术措施;论述了数字仿真技术在车辆底部防护能力分析及底部结构优化方面的应用及研究情况;分析了爆炸冲击对车辆内部乘员的影响及车辆底部防护能力试验评价研究现状;归纳了局部简易防护、局部加装防护组件、专用防护车身加组件和整体综合防护解决方案等车辆底部防护策略;统计了现有主要防护型车辆底部防护技术措施及能力现状。在此基础上提出了军用车辆底部防护技术研究重点,并对不同类型车辆底部防护能力的发展进行了展望。

Bottom protection,which is of great significance for improving the survivability of military vehicles and providing effective protection for crew,has become one of the research hotspots of the military vehicles. The research on bottom protection technique of military vehicles,the analysis of protection capability and optimization of structure based on numerical simulation,the evaluation of bottom protection capability,the bottom protection strategies and their applications,the technical measures and protection capability of typical vehicles are reviewed. The technical measures which include V-shape bottom hull,tabulate bottom floor made of new type material,interior structure of vehicle and crew restraint systems are expatiated. The application and research status of numerical simulation technology which is used to ana-lyze the protection capability of military vehicle and optimize the bottom structure of vehicle are discussed. The research status of the effects of explosion shock on vehicle and its crew and the test evaluation of the bottom protection abilities of vehicle are analyzed. Simple local protection,locally added protection kits,special protection body with protection kits,and integrated protection solution are summed up. The bottom protection measures and capability of typical vehicles are analyzed. In addition,the future research direction and priorities of bottom protection,and how to develop the protection capability of military vehicles are suggested.