贵州实蝇种类及多样性构成

Species diversity of fruit flies in Guizhou

为了解贵州果蔬有害实蝇的种类及其多样性,2010—2011年在贵州德江、铜仁、凯里、都匀、贵阳和兴义共6个地区,采用性诱剂和食物引诱剂对有害果蔬实蝇进行系统监测和多样性分析。结果显示,6个地区2年共诱捕到果蔬有害实蝇14种,其中果实蝇属Bactrocera有11种,寡鬃实蝇属Dacus有3种;各监测地诱捕到实蝇种类数分别为德江3种、铜仁4种、凯里7种、都匀7种、贵阳11种、兴义12种;6地区共同优势种为桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis、南亚果实蝇Bactrocera tau和具条实蝇Bactrocera scutellata,2010、2011年各监测点的相似性系数和多样性指数均存在差异,相似性系数、Simpson指数、Shannon指数和均匀性指数分别在0.25~0.80、0.11~0.68、0.28~1.25和0.18~0.62之间。研究表明,贵州实蝇种类丰富,不同地区优势种存在差异,不同种类为害差别大;各监测地区实蝇种群数量、丰富度、相似性系数和多样性指数整体上从东北向西南逐渐递增。

To understand the species and diversity of harmful fruit flies in Guizhou,harmful fruit flies were systemically monitored and analyzed by using sex attractants and food attractants from 2010 to 2011 in six regions,including Dejiang,Tongren,Kaili,Duyun,Guiyang and Xingyi. The results showed that14 species were trapped in the six regions in the two years,among which there were 11 species of Bactrocera and three species of Dacus. Three,four,seven,seven,11,and 12 species were trapped at Dejiang, Tongren, Kaili, Duyun, Guiyang and Xingyi, respectively, and dominant species were Bactrocera dorsalis,B. tau and B. scutellata. In the two years,similarity coefficients and diversity indexes were different among different regions. The similarity coefficient,Simpson index,Shannon index and evenness index were 0. 25- 0. 80,0. 11- 0. 68,0. 28- 1. 25 and 0. 18- 0. 62,respectively. It indicated that fruit fly species were abundant in Guizhou. Dominant species were different in various regions and the perniciousness of species was significantly different between different species. Overall,the population quantity,abundance,similarity coefficient and diversity index of fruit flies in each monitoring region were increased gradually from northeast to southwest.