登革热媒介控制研究进展

Progress in research of dengue fever vector control

登革热是世界范围内传播速度最快的蚊传病毒性疾病。目前主要依靠蚊媒控制,切断传播途径以预防和控制登革热。蚊媒控制主要包括幼蚊控制和成蚊控制,幼蚊控制依赖容器管理、容器处理、社区运动和环境管理,成蚊控制则倚重空间喷雾、室内滞留喷洒和物理防制方法。此外,新的蚊媒控制手段不断发展,其中沃尔巴克氏体感染伊蚊、基因修饰伊蚊和改变伊蚊行为等方法是近年来的重要研究发现。杀虫剂抗药性管理和应对是登革热媒介控制中必须严肃对待的棘手问题。

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infectious disease with the fastest spreading around the world. At present, dengue fever control mainly depends on vector control and the interruption of transmission routes. Larvae control and adult mosquito control are the two key points of vector control. Larvae control is based on container manipulation, container treatment, community campaigns and environmental management. Adult mosquito control is based on space spraying, indoor residual spraying and physical methods. Moreover, new techniques of mosquito control are under development, in which Wolbachia infection, genetic modification and behavior modification of Aedes are important findings for dengue fever control in recent years. Management and response of insecticide resistance is an intractable problem in dengue fever vector control, which should be seriously addressed.