摘要
浅沟是坡面细沟侵蚀发生与发展的产物。浅沟形成后,改变了原坡面形态,加速了侵蚀作用过程,增大了土壤侵蚀量。本文采用人工模拟降雨装置在黄土小区上进行试验,结合野外调查,对浅沟侵蚀进行了研究:坡面浅沟的分布密度变化于10～65km/km^2之间;深度变化于0.3～3m之间,并且以1～2m的为多;新倾斜面的倾角变化于10°～30”之间。在相同降雨条件下,浅沟发育坡面的产沙率比未发育浅沟坡面的产沙率要大,二者可相差3倍多。当雨强为1.31mm/min和2.4mm/min时,有浅沟发育坡面的侵蚀量分别增加0.66倍和0.386倍。据估算,由于浅沟的存在,黄土丘陵沟壑区沟间地坡面的侵蚀量将增加25％左右。
Shallow gully results from the small gully on the slope surface. With the help of outdoor investigation, the erosion of shallow gully was studied by conducting the experiment located in a loess spot with artificial simulated rainfall device.The di-stribution density of shallow gullies on the slope surface varies from 10 to 65 km/km2; deepth from 0.3 to 3 m and most of them from 1 to 2 m; the slope of the newly formed surface varies from 10° to 30° . On the same precipitation conditions, the rate of sediment yield of a slope with many shallow gullies is three times greater than that of a slope with less shallow gullies.When the rainfall intensity is 1.31mm/min and 2.4 mm/min.the amounts of soil erosion from the slopes with shallow gullies will increase by 66% and 38.6% respectively. According to the est. timation,the soil erosion from the slopetand between the gullies will increase by about 25% due to the existence of the shallow gullles in gullied rolling loess areas .
出处
《中国水土保持》
北大核心
1991年第4期17-19,共3页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
