莫尔乌托邦思想的文化和理论渊源

The Cultural and Theoretical Sources of Thomas More's Utopia

莫尔的乌托邦思想的文化和理论渊源极为庞杂。柏拉图的"理想国"、古希腊罗马文化精神、圣经中记载的原始基督教共产主义、中世纪天主教会的修道院共产主义及其个人所处时代的人文主义思潮等,都是莫尔绘制理想草图的思想素材,而地理大发现时代的文学和游记则是直接孕育《乌托邦》一书的温床。《乌托邦》一书的问世,开创了近代欧洲乌托邦社会主义的先河,预示了人类思想史上一个新时代的到来。

Thomas More＇s Utopia has diversified cultural and theoretical sources. Plato＇s ＂Republic＂,the ancient Grecian and Roman culture,the Primitive Christian Communism in the Bible,the medieval Catholic Monastery-communism,the humanism of his time,etc.,all these are the source materials which Thomas More draws in his description of the ideal community of mankind. And then the literary works and travel notes about the Great Discoveries of Geography are the breeding ground of Utopia. The publication of Utopia marks the birth of modern European Utopian Socialism and the coming of a new era in the intellectual history of the human race.