某教学医院医院感染现患率调查与分析

Prevalence survey and analysis of nosocomial infection in a teaching hospital

目的了解医院感染现况,发现重点人群,制定有效的医院感染防控措施。方法采用横断面调查方法,对2015年4月15日0:00-24:00住院患者进行医院感染情况调查。结果实际调查3 140人,其中医院感染95例,现患率为3.0%。医院感染现患率较高的科室主要分布在重症监护病房(29.9%);医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道(48.6%)、泌尿道(20.0%)、手术部位(13.3%)和血流感染(8.6%)。医院感染患者分离出的病原菌主要有鲍曼不动杆菌(20.7%)、铜绿假单胞菌(19.5%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(13.8%)和大肠埃希菌(12.6%)。结论 ICU是医院感染防控的重点部门,下呼吸道、泌尿系统和手术部位感染是医院感染防控的重点内容,手术后患者是医院感染防控的重点人群。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infection,accordingly we can find the key groups and make effective institutions to prevent and control nosocomial infection. Methods A cross- section study was carried out on all inpatients in a tertiary teaching hospital on April 15,2015. Results Totally 3 140 patients were investigated,and 95 infections were found and the the prevalence rate was 3. 0%. The higher prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was mainly distributed in ICU（ 29. 9%）,The infection sites mainly were lower respiratory track（ 48. 6%）,urinary tract（ 20. 0%）,surgical site（ 13. 3%） and blood stream（ 8. 6%）. The pathogens mainly were Acinetobacter baumannii（ 20. 7%）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ 19. 5%）,staphylococcus aureus（ 13. 8%） and Escherichia coli（ 12. 6%）. Conclusion ICU is the focus of nosocomial infection prevention and control. Lower respiratory track,urinary tract and surgical site are the key points while postsurgical patients are the key group of nosocomial infection control and prevention.