中国城乡社会保障的制度差异与公平性推进路径

System Differences and Fairness Promoting Path of Social Security in the Urban and Rural Areas

健全的社会保障制度是实现社会公平的有效途径之一。中国城乡社会保障在制度建设的时效性、规范性、系统性、权威性方面存在较大差异。为了缩小城乡社会保障水平、福利待遇方面的差距,中国政府实施了一系列促进城乡社会保障一体化发展的措施,但随着城乡统筹和管理体制的统一,在制度整合的协调性、政策衔接的规范性、运营机制的可持续性、制度建设的法制化等方面出现了新问题。优化整合社会保障制度,完善社会保障运作机制,加强相关立法,加快新型城镇化建设进程是当前中国政府提高城乡社会保障公平性的客观选择。

A sound social security system is one of the effective ways to realize social justice. There are large differences between the urban and rural social security system in China. In order to close the gap between the level of social security and welfare benefits, Chinese government has implemented a series of measures to promote the integrative development of urban and rural social security. However, with the urban and rural areas as a whole and the unification of the management system, there are some new problems on the coordination of system integration, the normalization of policy link-up, the sustainability of operation mechanism and the legislation of system construction. In order to raise the equality of urban and rural social security, Chinese government should optimize the social security system, perfect social security mechanism, strengthen the legislation, accelerate the construction of the new urbanization, etc.