高通量测序研究酒精废水治理中厌氧活性污泥的微生物菌群

Microbial community analysis of anaerobic activated sludge in the process of alcohol wastewater treatment using high throughput sequencing

厌氧消化是治理酒精生产废水的主要技术,本实验基于Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序研究了厌氧活性污泥的微生物菌群,在属(genus)水平上分析了污泥中细菌和古菌的种类和相对丰度,探讨了细菌和古菌的功能.结果表明:高温厌氧活性污泥(TAS)中相对丰度≥1.0%的细菌属有10个,包括Coprothermobacter、Longilinea、Levilinea等,它们的主要功能是分解蛋白质、代谢碳水化合物生成有机酸、乙酸氧化、硫酸盐还原.中温厌氧活性污泥(MAS)中相对丰度≥1.0%的细菌属有21个,包括Acinetobacter、Succinibibrio、Meniscus、Longilinea等,它们的主要功能是代谢碳水化合物生成有机酸、脂肪酸和有机酸氧化、分解结构顽固化合物.TAS中古菌属主要是产甲烷古菌Methanosaeta、Methanobacterium和Methanothermbacter,它们的相对丰度分别为57.72%,28.35%和9.90%.MAS中古菌属主要是产甲烷古菌Methanobacterium、Methanosarcina、Methanosaeta和Methanosphaera,它们的相对丰度分别为33.21%、23.70%、16.63%和11.77%.高通量测序研究充分展示了厌氧活性污泥的微生物菌群,可为阐释酒精废水治理中厌氧消化技术的生物机制及其技术改良提供参考.

Microbial community of anaerobic activated sludge with its significance of anaerobic digestion in the process of alcohol wastewater treatment was investigated via Illumina Mi Seq high throughput sequencing. Species as well as its relative abundance and function of the microbe in the sludge were analyzed. In the thermophilic activated sludge,there are ten dominant bacteria（ relative abundance≥1. 0%）,such as Coprothermobacter,Longilinea,Levilinea. Their major functions were protein decomposition,organic acid formation from metabolized carbohydrates,acetate oxidation and sulfate reduction. In the mesophilic activated sludge,there are twenty-one dominant bacteria such as Acinetobacter,Succinibibrio,Meniscus,Longilinea. And their functions were formation of organic acid from metabolized carbohydrates,oxidation of fatty acid and organic acid,degradation of reluctant compounds. Meanwhile,the dominant archaebacteria in the anaerobic activated sludge was methanogens. In the thermophilic activated sludge,the relative abundance of Methanosaeta,Methanobacterium,Methanothermbacter was 57. 72%,28. 35% and 9. 90%,respectively. In the mesophilic activated sludge,the relative abundance of Methanobacterium,Methanosarcina,Methanosaeta,Methanosphaera was 33. 21%,23. 70%,16. 63% and11. 77%,respectively. The high throughput sequencing results show the microbial community of anaerobic activated sludge and provided references for the mechanism elucidation of anaerobic digestion to improve the alcohol wastewater treatment.