应用型本科建设的时代逻辑、国际经验与路径选择

On the Time Logic,International Experience and Path Selection of Application-oriented Undergraduate Education

在新一轮深化高等教育体制改革中,应用型本科建设是国家对普通本科院校、新建本科院校和独立学院三种类型高等学校发展的共同定位,折射出全球经济危机后经济转型升级重大压力的外在动因,也反映出分类实施双向并立的高等教育体系改革迫切需求的内在动因。在高等教育大众化和高等教育产业化后时代的背景下,应用型本科建设应发挥政府的引导作用,重点借鉴德国FH模式和日本双元制串行模式等成功经验,彰显出高校的能动作用,在培养体系中自选学科链与产业链、在课程模块中自设校企合作与产业协作、在培养方式上自定学习时限与实践界限,加速构建中国特色现代职业教育体系。

In the new round of deepening the reform of higher education system, the application oriented-undergraduate education is the development orientation of the state to the three types of colleges and universities including general university, newly established universities and independent colleges, which reflects the global economic crisis after the era of economic transformation and upgrading of external pressure as well as the implementation of classification of intrinsic motivation of the urgent demand for the reform of higher education system in two-way coexisting. Under the background of popularization of higher education and post-industrialization era of higher education, the construction of application-oriented undergraduate construction should play the guiding role of the government; focus on lessons from the successful experience of German FH pattern and Japanese dual serial mode; highlight the active role of colleges and universities, in the aspects of cultivation system, curriculum module and training mode; speed up the construction of modem vocational education system with Chinese characteristics.