基于国外经验的我国天然气市场化定价及其机制设计

Mechanism Design and Market-oriented Pricing of Natural Gas in China Based on Foreign Experience

为了解决我国现行天然气定价方式存在的问题,从区位优势、基础设施、市场主体、市场意愿、国家战略等因素分析,我国有必要逐步推进天然气价格改革。世界主要国家的天然气价格市场化变革历程和经验表明,市场化的价格机制可以传递正确的行业供求信号,有利于资源的优化配置。我国未来的天然气价格改革应坚持市场化定价方向,完善市场净回值定价方法,引入多元化的竞争格局,加强基础设施建设及配套政策改革。同时也应该认识到,市场化进程不是一蹴而就的,需要循序渐进的过程。

It is essential for China to reform natural gas price gradually in order to solve the problem of current natural gas pricing after the analysis from the following aspects： locational advantages,infrastructure,market entity,market will and national strategy. The reform and experience of market-oriented pricing of natural gas in many major countries indicate that market-oriented pricing mechanism could provide correct information about industry supply,which benefits the optimization of resource allocation. The market-oriented pricing should be adhered to in the reform of natural gas price in China in future. In addition,market net back pricing method should be improved and the diversified competition pattern could be introduced in China apart from strengthening infrastructure construction and reforming the supporting policies. Meanwhile,it should be recognized that marketization could not be accomplished at one stroke. It should be advanced gradually in due order.