我国河流生态护岸建设及相关问题探讨

Construction of river eco-revetment in China and discussion on related problems

本文回顾了国外生态护岸技术的发展概况,分阶段阐述了我国自20世纪90年代引入生态护岸技术以来的发展历程与应用实践。总结了我国生态护岸建设相关规程的制定状况,具体分析了生态格网、土工合成材料、生态混凝土等生态护岸材料在产品标准、设计规程、工程管理等方面存在的问题。阐述了生态护岸植被建设存在的护岸植物品种及群落结构单一,植被选取缺少调查与论证,护岸植被类型未能与河道特点和护岸功能相适应等问题。从生态护岸技术标准制定、生态护岸植物名录制定、传统硬质护岸改造三个方面给出了我国河流生态护岸建设的建议。

The development status of the overseas fiver eco-revetment technology is reviewed herein, and then the development history and application practice of the eco-revetment since it being introduced into China in the 1990s is expatiated herein in sta- ges. The status quo of constituting the relevant technical codes, regulations and specifications for the construction of the eeo-re- vetment in China is summarized, in which the problems in the aspects of the product standards, design codes, construction management, etc. for the eco-mesh, geosynthetics, eco-eoncrete, etc. are specifically analyzed. Meanwhile, the problems in the construction of the eco-revetment vegetation, such as less plant varieties and community structures for the revetment vegeta- tion, insufficient investigation and verification on vegetation selection, type of the revetment vegetation being not adaptable to both the characteristics of river channel and the function of revetment, etc. , are expounded. Finally, some proposals on the construction of fiver eco-revetment in China are also put forward from the aspects of the constitution of the technical standards for coo-revetment, the establishment of the plant directory for the eeo-revetment and the improvement of the conventional hard revet- ment.