牟宗三哲学中的“寂感”思想之论析

On the Ontological Feeling of Mou Tsung-san's Philosophy

牟宗三先生虽然没有系统地阐释"寂感"这个概念,但是在其哲学系统中,它却具有关键性的地位。本文在梳理牟宗三哲学中寂感真几、感通、感应等名异实同的概念群的规定及其康德式的诠释之基础上,进一步将之放人传统感通论与比较哲学的视野中加以反省。一方面,牟先生在良知与认知之关系上,未能善加利用传统感通论以调适其"良知坎陷"说中过于对立的紧张关系。当然,牟先生自己的圆教论亦有某种调适的可能。另一方面,牟先生因为反感海德格尔将实践理性归入先验想象力,而未能借鉴海德格尔对康德的道德情感的现象学分析以充实自己的感通论、本体论的觉情说。本文则尝试指出两者的可沟通性以及牟先生认同此做法的证据。

Although the concept of ＂Ontological Feeling＂ was not systematically elucidated by Mou Tsung-san,it possesses a crucial position in his philosophy.On the basis of methodizing the meaning of the concepts like the ＂Reality of Ontological Feeling＂,Gan tong,Gan ying（lit.,stimulus-response） which share the same content but have different names in Mou＇s philosophy,and his Kantian interpretation to them,this paper further reflects on them from perspectives of traditional Gan tong Theory and Comparative Philosophy.As a conclusion,this paper points out that Mr.Mou failed to apply the traditional Gan tong Theory to the adjustment of the strained relationship between conscience and cognizing in his ＂Self-negation of Conscience＂,though Mou＇s ＂Perfect Teaching＂ theory could also have an adjusting effect to some extent.Furthermore,this paper points out that due to his disagreement with Heidegger＇s ascribing practical reason to transcendental imagination,Mr.Mou failed to refer to Heidegger＇s phenomenological analysis of Kantian moral feeling to enrich his own Gan tong or ＂Ontological Feeling＂ theory.Therefore,this paper also attempts to build a bridge between these two kinds of theory and exhibit evidence that Mr.Mou would agree with this attempt.