褪黑激素的合成

Synthesis of Melatonin

以 5 -甲氧基吲哚为起始原料 ,经 4步反应合成了褪黑激素 (MLT)。 5 -甲氧基吲哚和草酰氯在 0℃～ 5℃定量反应生成 5 -甲氧基吲哚 -3 -草酰氯 ( ) , 直接用氨水胺化得 98%的 5 -甲氧基吲哚 -3 -草酰胺 ( ) , 用氢化铝锂还原得到 5 -甲氧基色胺 ( ) ,收率 5 7% , 经乙酰化即得目标产物 MLT,收率 80 %。

The title compound was prepared by a four step reaction route with 5 methoxyindole as a main starting material. 5 Methoxyindole reacted with oxalyl chloride under 0℃～5℃ to give a practically quantitative yield of 5 methoxy 3 indoleglyoxylyl chloride(Ⅰ), Ⅰ was aminated with ammonium hydroxide to give 5 methoxy 3 indole glyoxylylamine(Ⅱ) with an excellent yield of 98%. Ⅱ was reduced with lithium aluminum hydroxide to produce 5 methoxytryptamine(Ⅲ) in 57% yield. Ⅲ was acetylated to give the title compound melatonin(MLT) in 80% yield.