山东省章丘西河遗址的古地貌及相关问题

The Ancient Landform and Related Issues of the Xihe Site in Zhangqiu City,Shandong Province.

本文对山东省章丘西河遗址的古地貌及相关问题进行了探讨。从地貌格局上看,西河遗址所在为山前黄土台塬中河谷地带的二级阶地。在全新世早期,西河遗址附近的河道从加积状态转为下切,现代河道的雏形开始形成,西河早期的先民在河漫滩上进行渔猎和采集等食物资源的获取。不晚于距今8000年前,河流进一步下切,阶地形成,不再受到常年洪水的影响,半地穴式房屋开始集中出现。根据地貌重建的结果,遗址周围资源配置的情况能够满足后李先民捕捞、狩猎和采集等生业方式的需求。后李文化之后,聚落重心的转移是随着农业的发展及其在生业模式中地位的提高,古人对资源的偏好发生重大转向的结果。

This paper discusses the ancient landform and the related issues of Xihe Site, Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province. In the perspective of landform pattern, Xihe Site is located on the second terrace of river valley in the range of loess platform. In the early Holocene, the river near Xihe Site shifted from aggradation to incision, thus the prototype of modem river channel appeared. The early Xihe people got their food by fishing, hunting and gathering in the floodplain. No later than 8000 B.P., the river downcutted further, and the river terrace formed. As the terrace was no longer affected by the annual flood, the pit houses begun to appear intensively. Based on the reconstruction of ancient landform, the distribution of resources around the site could meet the needs of Xihe people for their broad spectrum economy. After the Houli Culture, the main region of settlements moved elsewhere as a result of the major shift in the preference for resources with the development and the more importance of agriculture.