论社会融合

On Social Integration

近百年国际社会有关移民和族群之间的融合理论,在经历了归化、熔炉和多元文化主张后,面对频发的族群冲突,回归融入主流文化的呼声再度成为社会主流思潮;虽然中国流动人口的社会融合尚缺乏有力度的解释框架,但先贤们"天下大同"和"社会统合"思想道出了融合的本源意涵。从经济整合、社会参与、心理认同到文化交融,融合不仅要实现人群之间的地域边界重构,更要突破人为设置的各类社会边界,实现人群之间和文化之间的彼此嵌入。尽管存在族群差别和诸多分叉,但融合之旅往往经历五个阶段:完全隔离、初步的结构性融合、较深层次的结构性融合和初步的社会参与、深层次的文化交融和心理认同。群体关系从隔离到相互嵌入的转化,是社会融合的本源意义。

In the past century, the theory of integration between immigrants and ethnic groups in the international com- munity has undergone changes including domestication, melting-pot theory, and multi-cultural propositions. In the face of fre- quent ethnic clashes, the appeal to returning to mainstream culture has once again become the mainstream ideology of the so- ciety. Although there is no powerful interpretive framework for social integration of the migrant population in China, the ancient sages＇ ideas of the ＂world harmony＂ and ＂social integration＂ had expressed the essential idea of hthe integration. From economic integration, social participation, psychological identity to cultural integration, the process of social integration not only needs to achieve the reconstruction of regional boundaries between different groups of people, but also to break through the various types of social boundaries set up artificially so as to achieve interpersonal and cultural embedded coexis- tence. Although there exist ethnic differences and many bifurcations, the fusion journey often goes through five stages：com- plete isolation, preliminary structural integration, deep structural integration and preliminary social participation, deep cultur- al integration and psychological identity. The transformation of group relationship from isolation to mutual embedding is the origin of social integration.