地震亲历者对情绪面孔的认知加工:威胁性刺激的启动效应

The Cognitive Processing of Emotional Faces in Earthquake-Exposed Survivors: A Priming Effect of Threat Stimulus

本研究运用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,采用阈下情绪启动范式探讨地震亲历者对情绪面孔认知加工的特点。结果发现:不论对地震经历组还是未经历组,地震图片启动下辨别恐惧面孔的正确率显著高于中性图片启动下辨别恐惧面孔的正确率;地震图片启动下LPC峰值大于中性图片启动下的峰值;地震图片启动下高兴面孔诱发的P1峰值大于中性图片启动下的峰值。最重要的是,对于地震经历组,地震图片启动下恐惧面孔诱发的N1峰值大于中性图片启动下的峰值,而非经历组则无显著差异。这表明地震图片产生了阈下启动效应,尤其在地震亲历者对恐惧面孔认知加工的过程中。

The current study, based on the technology of event-related potentials （ERP） and subliminal emotional priming, aims to explore earthquake-exposed survivors＇ processing of emotional faces. The results indicate the following： The earthquake-exposed survivors showed a significantly higher rate of correctness during their pro- cessing of fearful faces in the face of threat priming stimuli than in the face of neutral priming stimuli; the earth- quake-exposed survivors showed significantly more LPC amplitudes and P1 effects （induced by happy faces） during their processing of fearful faces in the face of threat priming stimuli than in the face of neutral priming stimuli; most importantly, the earthquake-exposed survivors showed significantly more N1 effects （induced by fearful faces） in the face of threat priming stimuli than in the face of neutral priming stimuli. This indicates that threat stimuli lead to subhminal priming, especially the earthquake-exposed survivors＇ processing of fearful faces.