服刑人员社会支持与社会适应的关系:公正世界信念的中介作用

The Social Support of Prisoners and Their Social Adaptation:The Mediating Effect of Belief in a Just World

目的:探讨服刑人员社会支持、公正世界信念与社会适应的关系,为服刑人员社会适应能力提升寻求干预方式。方法:采用服刑人员社会适应量表、社会支持量表、公正世界信念量表对380名服刑人员进行调查。结果:(1)不同受教育程度的服刑人员的社会支持、公正世界信念、社会适应的差异显著,总体来看,受教育程度高的服刑人员的情况好于受教育程度低的服刑人员。(2)社会支持、公正世界信念均能正向预测服刑人员的社会适应。(3)服刑人员的公正世界信念在社会支持和社会适应间具有部分中介效应,其中,一般公正世界信念在社会支持和社会适应间的中介效应更为显著。结论:提供社会支持以提升公正世界信念感进而帮助服刑人员提高社会适应能力,是提高其改好率和社会适应性,构建和谐社会的有效途径。

This study aims to explore the relationship between the social support of prisoners, their belief in a just world, and their social adaptation, and seek appropriate interventions to improve prisoners＇ social adaptation, by testing 380 prisoners with the Social Adaptation Scale for Prisoners, the Social Support Scale, and the Scale for Belief in a Just World. The results show the following： （1） There is a significant difference in social support, belief in a just world, and social adaptation between the prisoners with different educational backgrounds, and on the whole, those with better educational backgrounds show better results; （2） both social support and belief in a just world can positively predict the prisoners＇ social adaptation; and （3） the prisoners＇ belief in a just world partially mediates between their social support and social adaptation, with their general belief in a just world significantly mediating between their social support and social adaptation. The study concludes that it is an effective way to render social support to prisoners so as to improve their belief in a just world and their social adaptability, thus helping build a harmonious society.