改革开放以来初中语文教科书选文作者变化的研究

Study of the Changes of Selected Text Authors in Junior High School Chinese Textbooks Since the Reform and Opening Up

语文教科书价值取向变化不仅表现于选文内容,选文作者变化也受到意识形态影响。从社会身份角度系统与定量梳理改革开放以来人教版六套初中语文教科书现当代选文作者的变化,可以发现不仅作家、科技工作者、人文学者、新闻工作者等作者群体的入选比例呈现历时性变化,而且不同政治身份的作家群体,在不同版本教科书中的选入状况也呈现较大差异。基于课程社会学视角的分析,得到三个启示:选文作者遴选标准从重视作者外在身份走向关注作品文学价值;作家群体政治身份变化由相对单一走向多样并存;文本意义解释从封闭走向开放。

The changes of value orientation of textbooks are not only reflected in the selected texts,but also in the authors of the selected texts,which is subject to ideological influence.From the perspective of social identity,this study systematically and quantitatively investigated the changes of text authors in modern and contemporary time in six sets of junior high school Chinese textbooks.The results show that the proportion of selected authors from the groups of writers,scientists,humanities scholars,journalists and others varied in different time periods,and there were significant differences in the selection of authors from different political groups in different versions of textbooks.Based on the sociological analysis of curriculum,there were three implications：the selection standards are shifting from a focus on the external identify of the authors to the literary value of the texts;the authors＇ political identity is shifting from focusing on single identity to diverse identities;and the text interpretation becomes more and more open.