论先秦经典中的儿童观及其后世流变——从《易经》“蒙”卦说起

The Views of Children in Pre-Qin Classics and Its Changes in Later Generations:Starting with Hexagram Meng

先秦经典蕴含着丰富的人学思考和儿童观资源。无论是思想文化层面的书经、诸子,还是国家制度层面的典谟、训命,多类经典从多方面涉及到儿童的形象及其特征,集中体现在"童蒙"的内在主动性、向善转化性和"胄子"的受教可塑性。其中,对儿童主动内发、真纯本性的高扬,及其性习转化的重视,在后世流变中,有现实的变化亦有思想的坚守,对当代儿童研究仍具启发和矫治价值。

There are rich resources on views of children in Pre-qin classics,including books of various philosophers and disciplines of social system.They concern images and characteristics of children from different aspects,focusing on the inner initiative and the nature of becoming better of Tong Meng,and the educable Zhouzi.The views advocated the initiative and innocence of children and paid attention to children＇s personality change.In later generations,such views have changed in reality while are adhered to in thought.They still have implications for contemporary children＇s studies and have values to correct contemporary bias.