成人发育性髋关节发育不良人工全髋关节置换术后臼杯位置的影像学分析

IMAGING ANALYSIS OF ACETABUL AR CUP POSITIONS IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY FOR ADULTS WITH ACETABULAR DYSPLASIA

目的 探讨成人发育性髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of hip,DDH）髋臼畸形程度与手术学习曲线对人工全髋关节置换术（total hip arthroplasty,THA）臼杯安装位置的影响。方法 回顾性分析2008年1月-2015年12月收治的130例（144髋）初次行THA的成人DDH患者临床资料。其中2012年之前收治53例（59髋）,之后收治77例（85髋）。男31例,女85例;年龄31~83岁,平均61岁。单髋置换116例,双髋置换14例。CroweⅠ型48髋,Ⅱ型57髋,Ⅲ/Ⅳ型39髋。所有患者于术后1周内复查骨盆标准前后位X线片,采用medi CAD软件测量髋臼假体前倾角、外展角,髋臼假体骨性覆盖率;计算髋臼实际旋转中心、理想旋转中心分别至泪滴连线的垂直距离之差（竖直距离）以及水平距离【请作者核对此句后对应修改英文】,评价臼杯位置合格率。结果 与2013年-2015年组同一类型患者相比,2008年-2012年组CroweⅠ型患者臼杯前倾角显著减小、臼杯位置合格率降低,Ⅱ型患者水平距离增大、臼杯位置合格率亦降低,Ⅲ/Ⅳ型患者臼杯前倾角减小、水平距离增大,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;其余指标比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。在CroweⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ/Ⅳ各型中,2008年-2012年组和2013年-2015年组竖直距离均随着髋臼畸形程度的增加而增加,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;其余指标比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 成人DDH患者初次行THA时,臼杯安装位置不良风险较高,需要术前仔细评估髋臼畸形特点,不断总结手术经验,提高臼杯安装准确度。

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of the degree of acetabular deformity and the learning-curve on the acetabular cup positions in total hip arthroplasty （THA） for adults with developmental dysplasia of hip （DDH）. MethodsBetween January 2008 and December 2015, 130 patients （144 hips） with DDH underwent primary THA, and the clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Fifty-three patients （59 hips） were admitted before 2012, and 77 patients （85 hips） were treated after 2012. There were 32 males and 98 females, aged from 31 to 83 years （mean, 61）. Unilateral replacement was performed in 116 cases and bilateral replacement in 14 cases. Of 144 hips, 48 hips were rated as Crowe type I, 57 hips as type II, and 39 hips as type of III/IV. The standard pelvic radiograph was taken within 1 week after operation. The mediCAD software was adopted to measure the angle of anteversion and abduction, bony coverage, and the distance between true rotating center and optimal rotating center to the connection of teardrops and the horizontal distance between two centers to evaluate the qualified rate of acetabular cup positions. ResultsCompared with the patients with the same type in 2013-2015 group, the anteversion angle and qualified rate of acetabular cup position significantly decreased in patients with Crowe I （P 〈 0.05）; the horizontal distance significantly increased and qualified rate of acetabular cup position significantly decreased in patients with Crowe II （P 〈 0.05）; and the anteversion angle significantly decreased and the horizontal distance significantly increased in patients with Crowe III/IV （P 〈 0.05） in 2008-2012 group. But no significant difference was shown in the other indexes （P 〉 0.05）. In all Crowe types, the vertical distance between the true rotating center and the optimal rotating center increased with the degree of acetabular deformity in both 2008-2012 group and 2013-2015 group, showing significant difference （P 〈 0.05）, but no significant difference was found in the other indexes （P 〉 0.05）. ConclusionFor adults with acetabular dysplasia, there are high potential risks for unsatisfactory acetabular cup positions during primary THA. So it is necessary to evaluate acetabular deformities and to sum up operative experience so as to improve the accuracy of cups installation.