基于产业复杂网络的产业关联结构指标研究——以全国和山东省为例

Research on the Inter-Industry Linkage Indicators Based on Industry Complex Network:on the Examples of China and Shandong Province

针对产业关联效应的描述分析,基于产业复杂网络构建了由产业关联个体、产业关联层级和产业关联整体构成的关联结构指标。利用国家和山东省2012年投入产出数据进行了实例分析,发现化学、金属冶炼加工、交通与信息设备制造、物流和金融等产业关联效应较强,是经济发展主导产业和经济基础结构主干产业,体现了我国工业化后期和信息化前期的结构演化特征,但总体上关联效应的区域与产业异质性较强。在"供给侧改革"、"双创"的背景下,我国需以构建有效的创新激励机制、低公共成本的资源获取与转移方式和宽松的成长环境来提升企业和社会大众的创新动力和能力为核心,在产业关联层面上"建链"、"补链"和"强链"并重,优化农业生产结构与农产品供给关系、加速传统资源类产业升级和大力发展战略新兴产业,通过促进产业技术持续创新,从根本上带动产业结构跃升。

For the multi-level, the description and analysis of inter-industrial linkage effects, based on Industry Complex Network （ICN）, multi-dimensional and structural linkage indicator system was developed. 3 indicators in lever I and 11 indicators in lever II constitute this indicator system, which is comprised of the individual linkage indicators , the level linkage indicators , and the overall linkage indicators in the method of ICN. The model was verified on the inputoutput data of China and Shandong province in 2012. The results show that individual linkage effects of chemical, metal smelting and processing, transportation and information equipment manufacturing, logistics and finance are strong, and they have the characteristics of the leading industries in economic development and the backbone industries in the economic infrastructure, which reflect that China is in the late stage of industrialization and the early stage of informatization on structure evolution, and that the heterogeneity of region and industry is also obvious. In the background of structural reform of the supply front and encouraging people to do business creatively and drive innovation, China should to build the effective mechanism for innovation incentives and the low public cost of resource acquisition and transportation, and the easing growing environment for the enterprises and the masses to enhance the innovative power and ability. On the industry linkage level, ＂building chains＂, ＂filling chains＂ and ＂strengthening chains the supplying relationship of agricultural, to speed up the upgrading should to be adopted to optimize the production and of the resource-dependent industries and to develop the strategic emerging industries, by the promotion of industrial technology innovation, in order to drive fundamentally the industrial structure upgrading. The inter-industry linkage indicator system is an effective tool for the description and analysis of the multi-level and multi-dimensional characteristics of inter-industry linkage effects, and could better meet the needs of the theory and practice for the analysis of linkage.