从静态词“立”的语义范畴看多义词的认知机制及其在大脑中的储存

Cognitive Mechanism of Polysemy and Its Storing in Brain Based on the Chinese Word Stand

语义的研究不可能是纯客观的,它必须联系人类的认知心理。从认知的角度来说,语言符号的多义性与创造性离不开人类的两种思维模式:意象图式模式和隐喻认知模式。人类从具体的反复的空间经验中抽象出意象图式,以此为基础,隐喻认知能力又将物理空间概念映射到其它具有相似性的抽象的概念结构中去,从而扩充一个具体词汇的意义。多义词的语义范畴是以原型即本义或具体义为中心而储存于大脑中的,其它抽象义项围绕这个原型以辐射状结构排列。

Research on Semantics cannot be purely objective;on the contrary,it must be related with man＇s cognitive psychology.From the angle of cognition,the polysemy and creativeness of language symbols originate in man＇s two kinds of thinking modes：image-schema mode and metaphorical cognition mode.Man abstracts a certain image schema from concrete and repeated space experience,and then the metaphorical cognitive ability projects these physical space conceptions to some abstract ones that have the iconicity with the concrete conceptions in cognitive domain.Such is the way how a concrete conception category is expanded.The original meaning or the concrete meaning of a word is stored in brain as the heart of its conception category and the extended meanings arrange around the prototype,at the shape of radiation.