兔颈部迷走及交感和减压神经刺激放电记录方法学建立

Establishment of methodology on stimulation and discharge recording of cervical vagus,sympathetic and aortic nerves in rabbits

目的探讨并建立稳定的兔颈部迷走、交感和减压神经刺激放电记录的方法学。方法新西兰大白兔20只,随机分为刺激组和起搏组各10只。刺激组暴露并刺激双侧颈部迷走神经、交感神经和减压神经,观察刺激前、后心率和血压变化情况;起搏组行快速右心房起搏(起搏频率600次/min),2倍舒张期阈值电压持续起搏12h,观察起搏前、后神经放电情况。结果刺激组刺激颈部迷走神经后心率[(105±15)次/min]和平均动脉压[(64±6)mm Hg]低于刺激前[(276±19)次/min、(85±3)mm Hg](P<0.05);刺激颈部减压神经后平均动脉压[(53±4)mm Hg]低于刺激前[(86±6)mm Hg](P<0.05),心率与刺激前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);刺激颈部交感神经后心率和平均动脉压与刺激前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);起搏组起搏前可记录到减压神经放电,但未记录到明显的交感和迷走神经放电,快速高位右心房起搏12h后可记录到明显的交感神经、迷走神经放电信号。结论采用颈部分离交感神经、迷走神经和减压神经,可获得稳定、高重复性、高质量的神经刺激和放电记录数据。

Objective To establish a methodology for stimulation and discharge recording of cervical vagus, sympathetic and aortic nerves in rabbits. Methods Twenty adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into stimulation group and pacing group, with 10 rabbits in each group. The bilateral cervical vagus, sympathetic and aortic nerves were exposed and stimulated in stimulation group to observe the changes of heart rate and blood pressure before and after stimulation. Rapid right atrial pacing at 600 beat/min for 12 h at 2 times higher diastolic period threshold voltage in pacing group. The discharges of cervical vagus, sympathetic and aortic nerves were recorded synchronously before and after pacing. Results The heart rate and mean artery pressure were significantly lower after vagus nerve stimulation （（105 ±15） beat/min, （64±6） mm Hg） than those before stimulation （（276±19） beat/min, （85±3） mm Hg） （P〈0.05）. The mean artery pressure was significantly lower after aortic nerve stimulation （（53 ±4） mm Hg） than that before stimulation （（86± 6） mm Hg） （P〈0.05）, and there was no significant difference in the change of heart rate before and after stimulation （P〉0.05）. There were no significant differences in the heart rate and mean artery pressure before and after cervical sympathetic nerve stimulation （P〉0.05）. Aortic nerve discharge was obvious before pacing, but no obvious discharge of sympathetic and vagus nerves were recorded before pacing, which were obvious after rapid right atrial pacing for 12 h. Conclusion A stable, high reproducible and high-quality nerve stimulation and discharge can be recorded after cervical vagus, sympathetic and aortic nerves are exposed.