产业政策研究及其争论述评

Research on the Performance of Industrial Policy and Its Implementation

本文就近年来关于产业政策的争议进行了一个较为系统的梳理与述评。产业政策的争议主要集中在产业政策制定的必要性、实施的有效性以及具体如何制定和实施合意的产业政策三个方面,因此,本文从产业政策必要性的理论发展、产业政策的绩效评价以及产业政策制定实施的模式与趋势来展开,在此基础上讨论产业政策研究在内容上的新方向。通过对文献的梳理发现,产业政策的制定和实施与特定国家及地区的发展阶段、制度约束密切联系,表现出"本土化"的特点;产业政策的绩效评价则与"有效性"指标构建、产业政策的形式以及具体行业等因素有关;而关于产业政策的争论在本质上表现为对于市场与政府的界限、经济"赶超阶段"和"引领阶段"的界限等相关标准的不同观点。

This paper has made a systematic review and comment on the debate on industrial policy in recent years. The controversies mainly focus on three aspects, namely the necessity of industrial policy, the effectiveness of the implementation and how to formulate and implement the industrial policy. The paper starts from the theoretical development of the necessity of industrial policy, the effectiveness of industrial policy practice, and the pattern and trend of the formulation and implementation of industrial policy, and further discusses the new direction of industrial policy research on the basis of this. It is found that the formulation and implementation of industrial policy are closely related to the development stage and institutional constraints of specific countries and regions, which shows the characteristic of ＂localization＂. In addition, the performance evaluation of industrial policy is affected by the index of ＂effectiveness＂, the form of industrial policy, the specific industry and other factors. The debates on industrial policy are essentially the different opinions towards the boundaries between the market and government, the economy ＂catch up stage＂ and ＂lead stage＂ and other relevant standards.