基于天线接收原理雷电流监测方法的研究

Lighting current monitoring based on antenna receiving principles

针对天线耦合雷电电磁波信号频谱及能量不准确的问题,利用实验和理论相结合的方法,建立天线接收雷电电磁波信号的等效电路,分析雷电电磁波信号的频谱和能量分布规律,提出一种用宽带天线监测雷电流的方法,通过测量雷电辐射源的电磁脉冲在宽带天线上耦合的电压幅值和能量幅值推算雷电流值的大小及其变化趋势.结果表明:宽带天线能准确地监测雷电电磁脉冲和雷电电流值以及它们的变化趋势.实验结果和理论分析结论基本吻合.研究结果对雷电监测预警系统的改进和雷电参数及其活动规律的研究具有指导意义.

For the inaccurate spectrum and energy measurement of antenna coupled lightning electromagnetic signal,experiment and theory are combined to find an equivalent circuit of antenna receiving lightning electromagnetic wave signals,with the purpose to analyze the spectral energy distribution of lightning and electromagnetic signals,and to propose a method of using broadband antenna to monitor lightning current,as well as estimating the size and trends of the lightning current value by measuring coupled voltage amplitude and energy amplitude of the electromagnetic pulse of lightning radiation sources on the receive antenna.Results show that the antenna with broad band measured by S11 curve can accurately monitor the size of lightning electromagnetic pulse and calculate the value and trends of lightning current.All the experimental results and theoretical analysis conclusions are basically in good agreement,which have guiding significance to the improvement of lightning monitoring,predicting and warning systems and to the measurement and analysis of lightning activity.