中熟梨新品种‘中梨2号’的选育

A new mid-maturing pear cultivar‘Zhongli 2'

‘中梨2号’是由‘栖霞大香水梨’ב兴隆麻梨’杂交选育而成的中熟梨新品种。果实端正,近圆形;果皮绿黄色,果面光洁,果点小而稍密,萼片脱落;果肉淡黄白色,肉质酥脆,汁液多,石细胞少,风味纯正,甘甜具香味;平均单果质量200 g,果形指数1.07。可溶性固形物含量12.3%,总糖含量7.54%,总酸含量0.14%,维生素C含量40.5 mg·kg-1,品质极上。果实生育期110 d,郑州地区8月上旬成熟。生长势中庸强健,枝条硬而开张,芽饱满;以短果枝结果为主,易形成腋花芽;花量较大,坐果率高,丰产稳产。果实室温下可贮30 d左右。适合在华北、西北及渤海湾等地区推广种植。

＇Zhongli 2＇ is a new mid-maturing pear cultivar derived from the cross between ＇Qixiadaxiangshui＇ and ＇Xinglongmali＇. After artificial hybridization pollination, 103 hybrid seeds were got. Hybrid seedlings were planted respectively in 1996. Good quality, mid-maturing and long storage time seed was obtained. After regional adaptability testing at four sites （including Zhengzhou, Ningling, Yichuan, and Xiping ） over five years since 2008, it was finally selected in 2015. ＇Zhongli 2＇ is moderately vigorous with spindle and semi-open tree gesture. Annual branches are grey-brown in color, and the size of lenticels is Small and dense. Leaves are ovate, acuminate, sharply serrated~ Flower is white, and the anther is beige. The number of flowers per inflorescence is from five to seven, Main fruit is short branch, fruiting continuously＇of bourse shoot is strong, and fruiting number of flower per inflorescence is 4 to 5. It can be used as mutual pollination varietirs among ＇Yuanhuang＇ ＇Huangguan＇ and ＇Hongxiangsu＇. The fruit development period is 110 d and it matures at the early August in Zhengzhou area. The fruit shape is nearly round with an average fruit mass of 200 g. The fruit peel is green-yellow and bright. The fruit dot is small and densely. The peel is thin. The flesh is yellowish white, crisp, rich juice and tasted sweet. The content of soluble solids is 12.3% withlittle stone cell and residue. The total sugar is 7.54%, total acid is 0.14%, and vitamin C content is40.5 mg· kg^-1. The quality is excellent. The content of soluble solid is 13.5%. The fruit has long storage-life, The fruit could be conserved over 30 days in room temperature. The adaptability of the variety is strong, and the suitable planting range is wide. The eultivar can be cuhivated in north China, the northwest of China, and Bohai bay.