呼吸机相关性肺炎及口腔感染的口腔预防护理分析

Ventilator associated pneumonia and oral preventive care of oral infection

目的 针对呼吸机相关性肺炎及口腔感染的口腔预防护理进行分析研究.方法 随机选择于2012年12月至2015年9月期间,本科收治实施呼吸机辅助呼吸治疗的患者180例,将其平均分为对照组和观察组.对照组实施常规口腔护理,观察组实施口腔预防冲洗护理.针对两组患者呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率、口腔并发症发生率、护理满意度、口腔清洁度、口臭改善情况等指标进行观察分析.结果 在本次研究中,观察组患者治疗3天和治疗7天后的呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率分别为1.11％、2.22％,对照组的发生率分别为7.78％、14.44％,经比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组患者治疗7天后的口腔并发症发生率为5.56％,对照组为20.00％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组和对照组患者的口腔并发症中口腔感染发生率分别为1.11％、7.78％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组患者的护理满意度为97.78％,对照组为83.33％,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组与对照组患者的口腔清洁度评分以及口臭评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组患者与对照组患者护理后的口臭发生率,与护理前比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组患者与对照组患者护理后的口臭发生率比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 在临床呼吸机辅助治疗的过程中,为了防止口腔并发症的产生,对患者实施口腔预防护理,可以降低口腔感染、呼吸机相关性肺炎等口腔并发症的发生率,提高患者的口腔卫生清洁度,提高患者的临床护理满意度,促进患者的康复,值得推广.

Objective To analyze and study ventilator associated pneumonia and the oral preventive care of oral infection.Methods 180 patients receiving ventilator auxiliary treatment at our hospital from December,2012 to September,2015 were randomly selected and divided into a control group and an observation group,90 for each group.The control group received routine oral care and the observation group oral preventive care.The incidences of ventilator associated pneumonia and oral complications,nursing satisfaction degree,oral cavity cleanness,improvement of bromopnea,etc.were observed and analyzed in both groups.Results 3 and 7 days after treatment,the incidences of ventilator associated pneumonia were 1.11% and 2.22% in the observation group and were 7.78% and 14.44% in the control group,with statistical differences （P〈0.05）.7 days after treatment,the incidence of oral complications was 5.56% in the observation group and was 20.00% in the controlgroup,with a statistical difference （P〈0.05）.The incidence of oral infection was 1.11% in the observation group and 7.78% in the control group,with a statistical difference （P〈0.05）.The nursing satisfaction degree was 97.78% in the observation group and was 83.33% in the control group,with a statistical difference （P〈0.05）.There were statistical differences in the scores of oral cleanness and bromopnea between these two groups （P〈0.05）.The incidence of bromopnea was lower after than before nursing care in the observation group and was in the observation group than in the control group after nursing care,with statistical differences （P〈0.05）.Conclusions In the process of ventilator auxiliary treatment,oral preventive care can prevent the incidence of oral complications,decrease the incidences of oral infection and ventilator associated pneumonia,improve the patients＇ oral cleanness,promote the patients＇recovery,so it is worth being clinically generalized.