行政等级与大城市拥挤之困——冲破户籍限制的城市人口增长

Administrative Hierarchy and Reason of Big City Congestion——City Population Growth Breaks through Hukou Restrictions

本文从中国城市行政等级制度的视角来分析"大城市拥挤之困"以及当前户籍制度无法实现"引导人口流动从而优化城市规模结构"的主要原因。研究结果表明:城市行政等级越高越吸引外来常住人口的进入、人口规模扩张的速度也就越快;由于大量优质的社会资源配置在行政级别较高的大城市,在这种失衡的资源配置模式下,户籍制度必然难以奏效。最后,本文提出了破解大城市拥挤之困的新方向,即"实施行政管理体制改革,破除当前等级化的资源分配体制,减少多层次的行政管理格局,构建各类城市公平竞争的发展环境"。

In this article, we analyze the main reason of big cities congestion and invalid hukou restriction on optimizing scale and structure of cities from the perspective of administrative hierarchy institution. The result shows that the higher the administrative hierarchy, the faster is the population growth, because most of resource allocates to higher administrative hierarchy city. Under this circumstances, the hukou restriction system collapses. Finally, we suggest the direction of urbanization should be in view of multi-aspects, including implementation of administrative reform, breaking the current resource allocation system, reducing levels of administration hierarchy and building a fair play environment for urban development.