基于生命周期评价的绿色建筑选材研究

Materials Selection for Green Building Based on Life Cycle Assessment

我国建筑业能耗占全国总能耗的40%以上,建筑中由于围护结构热传导而产生的空调与供暖能耗占建筑全生命周期能耗的70%以上,节能建筑材料的开发与应用是建筑节能的关键。以对建筑保温性能具有关键作用的外墙外保温材料、建筑玻璃窗与墙体材料为研究对象,利用生命周期评价方法定量分析典型节能建材从矿石开采、材料生产、运输、使用直至最终废弃全生命周期过程的资源消耗与环境影响,据此进行低环境负荷材料的择优,为绿色建筑的科学选材提供理论与数据支撑。

Over 40% society energy consumption is contributed by the construction industry, where the building materials play an important role in the energy saving performance of a building. Research reveals that the energy consuming of air conditioning and heating system has taken 70% of the overall building energy consumption through all its life cycle, mainly due to the thermal transmission of building envelope structure. Therefore, this paper focuses on the exterior heat insulators, windows and wall materials, which are critical to building heat-insulating property, to study their resource consuming and environment impact during the life cycle from mining, production, transportation, utility, until disposal. In the end, the author aims to provide a robust rati- onale and database to optimize environmental friendly material selection for the green building.