道路建筑材料的生态设计与实践

Eco-Design and Practice of Road Building Materials

道路建筑材料的生态设计是将材料的环境负荷、使用性能和经济成本综合考虑到材料设计过程之中,以生命周期评价(LCA,Life Cycle Assessment)思想为指导,使用生态化改造设计开发与环境相协调的材料。本研究以天然石料沥青混凝土道路面层为参考基准,通过确定产品设计目标,需求分析,实施设计以及评价等步骤进行钢渣沥青混凝土道路面层的生态设计。结果表明:钢渣沥青混凝土的全生命周期环境负荷比天然石料沥青混凝土约低14.17%,使用性能比其高出31.87%,建设1 km道路所需经济成本比其低8.37%,且生态设计综合评价结果也优于天然石料沥青混凝土。因此,钢渣沥青混凝土在环境负荷、使用性能、经济成本和综合表现上均要优于天然石料沥青混凝土,即钢渣沥青混凝土路面比天然石料沥青混凝土路面更符合生态设计要求,为道路建筑材料的绿色设计和选材提供了依据。

The Eco-design of road building materialis that the environmental load, performance and economic cost of the material will be considered into the material design process, with the idea of life cycle assessment as a guide, through the ecological reconstruction can make the materials in harmony with the environment. This study conducted an Eco-design of steel slag asphah concrete road surface through the steps including the determination of product design objectives, needs analysis, design implement and evaluation with the natural stone asphalt concrete as a reference. The results show that the life cycle environment load of the steel slag asphalt concrete is about 14. 17% lower than natural stone asphalt concrete and 31.87% higher than their using performance, the economic cost of 1 km road construction is 8.37% lower than the steel slag asphalt concrete required, the Eco-design comprehensive evaluation result is greater than natural stone asphalt con- crete, so the steel slag asphalt concrete are better than natural stone asphalt concrete in the environmental load, using per- formance, economic cost and overall performance, we can get a conclusion that the steel slag asphalt concrete pavement is more in line with the Eco-design requirements than natural stone asphalt concrete pavement, which provide the basis for the green design and selection of road building materials.