2014年鞍山市学校症状监测系统预警传染病病毒爆发的实例研究

Case study of anshan school surveillance system outbreaks of infectious diseases in 2014

目的综合分析2014年鞍山市学校症状监测系统预警传染病病毒爆发的实例研究,为预防相关传染病病毒爆发方向提供科学的数据参考。方法采取描述的方法,对2014年鞍山市学校传染病症状监测工作监测学校的7所小学在发生发热、咳嗽、皮疹、腹泻、腹痛、呕吐、红眼、咽痛、腮肿、受伤等各个方面的症状(收集的传染病症状)监测数据和传染病报告资料等进行时间分布描述,在此基础上结合时序图分析出传染病与被监测症状的波动关系。结果症状监测系统显示2014年传染病报告系统报告最多症状依次为发热、咳嗽、皮疹、受伤,因发热导致的缺课构成比明显上升,因咳嗽、皮疹、受伤导致的缺课构成比则都稍有下降,两组数据比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2014年因疾病缺课前4位疾病分别为感冒、其他疾病、意外伤害、水痘,因感冒缺课比重较上半年明显提升,两组数据比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论鞍山市学校因病缺课症状监测系统的监测结果能够为预防相关传染病病毒爆发方向提供科学的数据参考,从而能够让人们采取积极的措施来预防相关传染病病毒的发生,控制传染病病毒的发生。

Objective Comprehensive analysis of Anshan city school system early warning symptoms of infectious disease outbreak surveillance case studies in 2014 provide scientific data reference for the prevention of infectious disease outbreaks. Methods Described method was used to analyze the symptoms of infectious disease surveillance for seven elementary schools of Anshan; the monitoring symptoms including fever, cough, rash, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, red eye, sore throat, swollen cheek, injuries and other aspects. The symptoms （symptoms of infectious diseases collected） monitoring data and the timeline of reporting of infectious diseases were used for the analysis of the fluctuations in the relationship between the infectious diseases and monitored symptoms. Results Symptom monitoring system showed that the mostly occurred symptoms were fever, cough, skin rashes and injury, in 2014. Absence due to fever were obvious increased; absence due to cough, skin rashes and injured were fell slightly. There was no statistically significant difference （P〉0.05）. In 2014, the top four illnesses causing absence were common cold, other disease, accident injury and chicken pox. Absence due to common cold in the first half of the year was significantly higher than that of the second half of the year （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Anshan school absenteeism due to syndromic surveillance system was capable of providing scientific data reference for the prevention of infectious disease outbreaks, thereby allowing people to take active measures to prevent and control the occurrence of virus-related diseases.