化妆品不良反应认知度调查

Investigation about cognition of adverse reaction for cosmetics

目的 通过调查公众使用化妆品的现状以及对化妆品不良反应认知度,了解化妆品不良反应发生的一般规律和特点,主动筛选和监测化妆品不良反应人群,为监测和监管部门提供依据和数据支持。方法 设计、发放化妆品不良反应认知调查问卷,并对有效调查问卷进行汇总分析。结果 共发放问卷3 100份,回收有效问卷3 081份。男性483人（15.68%）,女性2 598人（84.32%）,男女比例为1∶4;年龄集中在18~40岁,涉及30种职业。2 255人会留意化妆品的保质期,占73.19%;1 146人通过阅读说明书了解化妆品不良反应,占37.20%;会留意产品警示信息的有1 735人,占56.31%;392人有化妆品过敏史,占12.72%;化妆品购买渠道中626人选择美容院、网购,占18.62%;1 223人选择出现不良反应后自认倒霉,不会找相关部门解决,占38.27%;2 420人不知晓化妆品斑贴试验,占78.55%。结论 公众对化妆品安全使用和不良反应相关知识认识不足,应通过多种信息途径普及化妆品不良反应类型、处理方式、上报途径、意义以及斑贴试验等相关内容;监管部门应加强对网购等销售途径来源化妆品的质量监管和把控,做到上报途径多元化、专业化,及时公布化妆品安全信息,提高公众科学、安全使用化妆品意识。

Objective To investigate the status of public use of cosmetics as well as cognition for safe use ,actively choose and monitor adverse drug reactions （ADR） people to provide support basis for pharmaceutical departments .Methods Question‐naires regarding safety use of cosmetics were designed and randomly issued ,and analyzed .Results 3 081 valid questionnaires from issued 3 100 ones were returned ,among which there were 483 males （accounting for 15 .68% ） ,2 598 females （accounting for 84.32% ） ,a ratio of 1∶4 between male and female ,age scope from 18 to 40 years and 30 professions concerned .Among all the subjects ,2 255 ones（accounting for 73 .19% ） took cared for expiration date ,1 146 ones （accounting for 37.20% ） under‐stood ADR by reading directions ,1 735 ones（accounting for 56.31% ）took notice of warning information ,392 ones （accounting for 12.72% ） suffered from allergy reaction ,626 ones （accounting for 18.62% ） bought cosmetics from beauty shop or online shopping ,1223 ones （accounting for 38.27% ） didn＇t complaint to departments concerned of ADR ,2 420 ones （accounting for 78.55% ） knew nothing about Cosmetics Patch Test .Conclusion Public lack of knowledge related to the safe use of cosmetics and adverse reactions .Types of ADR for cosmetics ,treatment methods ,reporting ways ,as well as something regarding to patch test should be propagandized and popularized by varies of ways .Monitoring branches should strengthen surveillance of cosmetics quality especially from online shopping and make reporting ways both diversified and specialized ,timely announcing cosmetics safety use news for increasing public scientific awareness for safe use of cosmetics .