藏族学生普通话语音学习现状及教学策略研究——以玉树地区藏语为例

An Analysis of the Current Situation of Tibetan Students' Mandarin Phonetic Learning and the Teaching Strategies—Taking Tibetan Language in Yushu Region as an Example

藏族学生的普通话学习属于少数民族学习汉语第二语言的范畴,青海玉树藏语经过近千年的演变,发展到如今具有一些独特的语音特点。玉树藏语有91个声母、59个韵母和9个调值,这使得该地区藏族学生由于母语负迁移影响,在学习普通话声韵调时造成不小的障碍。而内地高校教师在进行普通话训练教学时,针对该地区藏族学生,要结合学生的母语语音发音特点,认真分析学生语音发音偏误进行教学,并辅以一定的教学策略,为藏区培养一批藏汉兼通的双语人才。

Tibetan students＇ mandarin learning is the second language learning for ethnic minorities. After about one thousand-year evolution,Tibetan in Yushu region of Qinghai province now has some distinctive phonetic features. Yushu Tibetan language has 91 initials,59 finals and nine tones,which results in the local Tibetan students＇ trouble in mandarin learning because of the negative transfer of their mother tongue. Teachers at college in inland area must analyze students＇ biased error in pronunciation and teach according to the characteristics of Tibetan students＇ pronunciation of their mother language. Based on this,certain teaching strategies should be carried out to cultivate Tibetan-Chinese bilingual talents for Tibetan area.