风险再现与媒介正义——以《南方周末》空气污染报道为例

Risk Reproduction and Media Justice:A Case Study of Reports on the Air Pollution in Southern Weekly

现代社会是一个高度媒介化、网络化的风险社会。作为人们认知世界、感知风险的主要途径,新闻传媒被赋予了关键性的角色,承担着风险预警、风险告知、风险监督等风险沟通的角色,这亦是媒介正义实现的过程。本研究依据建构主义的分析框架,以2015年《南方周末》的空气污染报道为例,从消息来源、主题结构、风险归因等方面考察素有专业主义声誉的市场化媒体《南方周末》如何再现环境风险从而实现媒介正义。研究发现,在这个多元利益群体参与其中的风险话语博弈场域,《南方周末》对于环境风险的再现部分实现了有效的风险沟通、缓解或降低了风险的伤害程度,但在传播渠道的分配正义、传播内容的信息正义以及传播过程的程序正义等方面,媒介正义的实现表现出一定的局限性。

Modern society is a risk society of highly Mediatization and cyberization. As one of the principle means to learn the world and perceive the risks,mass media is granted a significant role,which undertakes the responsibility for the risk communication,including risk warning,risk informing and risk monitoring. This is also the process of realization of media justice. The research was conducted based on constructivism,which took the air pollution reports published on Southern Weekly in 2015 as examples to analyze the process of achieving the media justice via the risk reproduction from aspects such as news source,theme structure,risk genesis,etc.. The research found that,on this risk dialogue gaming field where multiple interest groups participate, Southern Weekly achieved effective risk communication,and reduced the harm of risks via social risk reproduction. However,the realization of media justice was still limited in terms of the distributive justice of the communication channels, the informational justice of communication content and the procedural justice of communication process.