青蒿叶对肉鸡生产性能和血清生化指标及消化酶活性的影响

Effects of Artemisia Annua Leaves on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Broilers

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加青蒿叶对肉鸡生产性能、血清生化指标以及消化酶活性的影响。选取1日龄初始体重相近的健康爱拔益加肉鸡144羽,随机分为3个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复8羽。Ⅰ组为对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组分别在基础日粮中添加5、10 g/kg青蒿叶,试验期42 d。结果表明:在饲粮中添加青蒿叶对肉鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量、饲料增重比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,21日龄时,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清总胆固醇含量分别降低了17.73%、12.74%(P<0.05),但Ⅱ、Ⅲ组间差异不显著(P>0.05);42日龄时,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清总胆固醇含量分别降低了18.82%(P<0.05)、9.71%(P>0.05),但Ⅱ、Ⅲ组间差异不显著(P>0.05);21、42日龄时,各处理组间血清中尿素氮、肌酐、总胆红素及甘油三酯水平均无显著差异(P>0.05)。青蒿叶对21日龄肉鸡空肠的胰蛋白酶活性和42日龄肉鸡空肠的淀粉酶活性均有显著的增强效果(P<0.05),以5 g/kg添加水平的试验Ⅱ组效果最佳,但对胰腺的胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶,空肠和回肠的脂肪酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可见,在饲粮中添加一定水平的青蒿叶对肉鸡生产性能没有影响,但是能够促进血脂的代谢水平,并且增强了肉鸡的消化能力,说明它可以作为一种绿色的饲料添加剂添加到肉鸡饲粮中。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Artemisia annua leaves supplementation on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices and digestive enzyme activities of broilers. A total of 144 1-day-old healthy Arbor Acres （AA） broiler chicks with the nearly same weight were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 6 replicates in each treatment and 8 broilers per replicate. The broilers in group 1 were fed with the corn-soybean basal diet, those in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with the basal diet containing 5 and 10 g/kg dried Artemisia annua leaves, respectively. The experiment period was 42 d. The results showed as follows： The average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain of broilers were not affected （P〉0.05） by treatments. Compared with group I , the serum total cholesterol （TC） in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were reduced by 17.73% （P〈0.05） and 12.74% （P〈0.05） at 21 days of age, as well as 18.82%（P〈0.05） and 9.71%（P〉0.05） at 42 days of age, respectively. But there were no differences （P〉 0.05） in serum TC between group lI and ]II both at 21 and 42 days. The levels of serum urea, creatinine, total bilirnbin triglycerides of broilers in each group were unaffected （P〉0.05） by Artemisia annua leaves supplementation. Compared with the control group, inclusion of Artemisia annua leaves increased （P〈0.05） the activities of trypsin at 21 days and amylase at 42 days in jejunum of broilers, and the optimum level was 5 g/kg. However, another digestive enzymes were not significantly affected （P〉0.05） by dietary treatments. In conclusion, Artemisia annua leaves inclusion had no effect on the growth performance, can significantly decrease the TC content in serum of broilers and improve digestive function. The results suggest that the Artemisia annua leaves will be a safety phytogenic feed additive added to the diets of broilers.