基于fMRI的人脑功能可塑性研究——以海员职业为例

Investigation on human brain plasticity by fMRI:an example of seafarers' career

为探究海员和非海员被试之间的脑功能活动差异,采用静息态功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)技术将被试分为海员被试和非海员被试2个组,采用统计检验的方法,从全局和局部探究长期出海对海员脑功能活动的影响。其中,全局参数包括脑网络的小世界性、聚类系数、同配性、特征路径长度;局部参数包括脑功能活动的低频振幅比。实验结果表明,海员和非海员被试的脑网络均具有小世界性;海员的全局特征系数高于非海员被试,且在额叶的低频振幅比高于非海员被试。长期出海可能促使海员的脑功能活动发生可塑性重组,使海员群体的协调性、应变能力、判断能力、对新奇环境的反应性等高于非海员被试。

To explore the difference of brain networks between seafarers and normal people, The data were divided intoseafarers and normal subjects by the technique of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）. The long-term marine life＇ s influence on seafarers＇ brain functional activity by using statistical test from global and local perspective was investigated. The global parameters of brain networks in this study include small world, clustering coefficient, assortativity and characteristic path, and the local parameter of brain functional activity include fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation （fALFF）. Seafarers and normal subjects＇ brain network have characteristics of small world. The global coefficient of seafarers is higher than that of normal subjects, and the fALFF of seafarers is also higher than that of normal subjects on frontal lobe. The experiment results show that long-term marine life may contribute to the plasticity recombination of seafarers＇ brain functional activity, making seafarers＇ overall coordination of body, strain capacity, judging and reactivity to the new environment better than those of normal subjects.