黄道周与李光地易学思想比较论略

A Comparative Study of Huang Daozhou and Li Guangdi's Thoughts on Yi Philosophy

闽南先贤黄道周与李光地同为著名学者、易学大家,黄道周易学侧重象数、不废义理,其治易特点主要是以变卦解《易》、以《易》卦推步历史;李光地易学则以程朱为本,发明易理,兼参易象,注重融会贯通。由于黄道周身处明季,试图以其易学来格君行道,具有浓厚的忧患意识;而李光地则得帝王知遇之恩,上承康熙奖崇朱学、在思想上进行大一统之意,折中易学、一归于正。李光地《榕村语录》《榕村续语录》中有不少对于黄道周易学的评价,其易学思想也对后人评价黄道周易学产生一定的影响。

Huang Daozhou and Li Guangdi are both famous scholars in Minnan District for their studies on Yi philosophy. The former focused on the exposition of Yi via the changing symbols and the deduction of history via symbols in Yi. The latter, however, invented theories based on the Cheng-Zhu ideas and made a comprehensive study by considering symbols. Since Huang lived in the Ming Dynasty, he tried to use his studies to improve the government ruling, showing a strong apprehension consciousness. Nevertheless, Li Guangdi, appreciated by the imperial court who thought highly of the Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty, exerted great efforts to unite the thoughts. In The Sayings in Rong Village and The Sequel of Sayings in Rong Village, Li made many comments on Huang Daozhou＇ s studies of Yi philosophy, which had an influence on the later researches.