超燃冲压发动机再生冷却技术研究进展

Progress of regenerative cooling technology for scramjet

针对超燃冲压发动机内部苛刻的工作环境,总结了再生冷却技术在裂解传热和工程化应用方面的研究进展。介绍了再生冷却过程中碳氢燃料的热裂解模型和传热研究的最新发现,认为裂解机理的研究制约着数值方法的发展,并影响着真实条件下的传热现象研究;分析了煤油再生冷却技术工程化应用的典型方案,复杂的耦合特性与材料间的工艺结合问题分别限制了系统多样化功能和主被动结合热防护技术的实现。目前需要在裂解机理的基础上构建可靠裂解模型和高效的数值计算方法,并广泛开展冷却通道内传热恶化和耦合现象的研究;重点解决系统中的耦合机理和材料间的工艺结合问题,从而推动超燃冲压发动机的工程化应用。

According to the characteristics of severe operating conditions inside the scramjet, the research progress of regenerative cooling technology in engineering application is summarized in the paper. The latest findings of catalytic cracking and heat transfer for hydrocarbon fuels in regenerative cooling process are introduced. It is regarded that the establishment of reliable numerical methods is restricted by the understanding of the cracking mechanism. In addition, the research of heat transfer phenomena under real conditions is also affected. The typical schemes for the engineering application of kerosene regenerative cooling technology are analyzed. The complex coupling characteristics and combination technique of materials limit the achievement of the systematic diversity functions and thermal protection technology with combination of active and passive thermal protection technologies respectively. The reliable cracking reaction models and efficient numerical methods based on cracking mechanism must be established to research the heat transfer coupling and deteriorating phenomena. The problems in systematic coupling mechanism and material connection technique must be solved to promote the engineering application of scramjets.