不同肥胖指标与高血压患病风险的关系

Relationship of different obesity indices and incidence risk of hypertension

目的 探讨不同肥胖指标与原发性高血压（高血压）患病风险的关系。方法 选取2012年4月至2015年4月荆门市第二人民医院1 081例健康体检者,根据体质量指数、腰围、腰臀比及腰围身高比达到肥胖标准的数目进行分组：所有指标均未达到肥胖标准者作为正常组（n=199）、有一项指标达到肥胖标准者作为1指标异常组（n=194）、有两项指标达到肥胖标准者作为2指标异常组（n=146）、有3项指标达到肥胖标准者作为3指标异常组（n=382）、有4项指标达到肥胖标准者作为4指标异常组（n=160）。比较5组患者高血压发病率。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析不同组间高血压发病风险。结果 （1）1指标异常组、2指标异常组、3指标异常组、4指标异常组高血压发病率分别为16.49%（32/194）、25.34%（37/146）、31.15%（119/382）、46.88%（75/160）,均明显高于正常组的9.55%（19/199）,差异具有统计学意义（χ~2=3.973、4.304、4.782、6.162,P〈0.05或0.01）;（2）以正常组做参照,校正混杂因素后,各组的高血压患病风险的多因素Logistic回归分析结果 显示：1指标异常组（OR=1.426,95%CI：1.036~2.574,P=0.014）、2指标异常组（OR=1.723,95%CI：1.187~3.486,P=0.011）、3指标异常组（OR=2.104,95%CI：1.433~4.102,P=0.007）、4指标异常组（OR=3.372,95%CI：1.983~5.253,P=0.003）均与高血压发病率相关。结论 肥胖指标与高血压发病率相关,当肥胖指标异常数目增加,高血压的发病风险逐渐升高。

Objectives To investigate the relationship of different obesity indices and the risk of hypertension. Methods Totally 1 081 patients who accepted health examination in The Second People＇s Hospital of Jingmen from April 2012 to April 2015 were selected and divided into normal group （n=199）, 1-abnormal-index group （n=194）, 2-abnormalindex group （n=146）, 3-abnormal-index group （n=382） and 4-abnormal-index group （n=160） according to the number of abnormal obesity indices [ body mass index （BMI）, waist circumference （WC）, waist-to-hip ratio （WHR）, waist-to-height ratio （WHtR） ]. Incidences of hypertension among the five groups were compared. Incidence risks of hypertension of different groups were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression model. Results （1）Hypertension incidence of 1-abnormal-index group, 2-abnormal-index group, 3-abnormal-index group and 4-abnormal-index group were 16.49% （32/194）, 25.34% （37/146）, 31.15% （119/382） and 46.88% （75/160） respectively, and they were significantly higher than that of the normal group [9.55% （19/199）], the difference had statistical significance （χ2=3.973,4.304,4.782,6.162,P〈0.05 or 0.01）; （2） Referencing to normal group and adjusting the confounding factors, the results of the multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence risks of hypertension of different groups were as follows： 1-abnormal-index group （OR= 1.426, 95% CI： 1.036-2.574, n=0.014）, 2-abnormal- index group （OR=1.723, 95% CI： 1.187-3.486, P=0.011）, 3-abnormal-index group （OR=2.104, 95% CI： 1.433- 4.102, P=0.007）, 4-abnormal-index group （OR=3.372, 95% CI： 1.983-5.253,P=0.003）. Conclusions The obesity indices are related to the incidence risk of hypertension, when the number of abnormal obesity indices increases, the incidence risk of hypertension increases.