韦尔瓦(Huelva)冶炼厂40年闪速熔炼的历史及经验教训

40 Years of flash smelting operations in Huelva:Learning from our history

韦尔瓦冶炼厂于1970年投产,与此同时,力拓矿场上的老冶炼厂关闭了。这座新冶炼厂采用两台Momoda鼓风炉,处理能力为每天500t干精矿。该冶炼厂投产后不久,提高冶炼产能便提上日程。通过对当时各种可选方案进分析后,最终选择了闪速熔炼技术。1975年9月18日,新的奥托昆普闪速熔炼炉(FSF)投入运行,初期处理能力为每天900 t干精矿,采用了文丘里式烧嘴和空气预热。自那时起,韦尔瓦冶炼厂团队与奥托昆普公司(现在的奥图泰公司)一起对闪速熔炼炉设计、工艺条件和操作实践进行了持续不断地改进,现在的处理能力已达到每天3 500 t干精矿。韦尔瓦冶炼厂从1975开始至今,已经完成了五个炉龄,最后一个炉龄结束于2013年11月,主要对原闪速炉炉膛进行了改进。本论文介绍了多年来韦尔瓦冶炼厂闪速熔炼不断改进的历史及经验教训。

The Huelva smelter was commissioned in 1970 coinciding with the shutdown of the old smelter in the Rio Tinto mine site. That new smelter consisted of two Momoda blast furnaces with a capacity of 500 dmtpd of concentrate. After an analysis of the existing alternatives at that time, the flash smelting capacity was chosen. The new Outokumpu Flash Smelting Furnace （FSF） came into operation on 18 September 1975, with an initial capacity of 900 dmtpd of concentrate, using four Venturi-type burners and preheated at atmospheric air. Since that date the Huelva Smelter team, together with Outokumpu （now called Outotec） , have continuously improved our FSF de- sign, process conditions and operational practices, leading to a present capacity of 3500 dmptd of concentrate. Since 1975, five smelting campaigns have been completed, the last ending in November 2013 with the rebuilding of the original FSF hearth. This paper describes the history of these improvements and lessons learned.