闽语莆仙方言“乞”的后期演化

On the Later Semantic Development of"Qi(乞)"in Puxian Dialect

莆仙话的"乞"在体现闽语共性发展的"给予→使役→被动"之外,又经历了"被动义→遭受义→意外义→强调义"之后期演化。意外义和强调义是莆仙方言"乞"的最大特色。"乞"语义演化应是被动标记后期语法化的一种可能趋势。论文还探讨了莆仙话中与"乞"相关的给予义范畴和与事范畴标记的弱化同音现象。

The semantic evolution of 'q?(乞)' in Puxian dialect has undergone two stages.At the first stage, 'q?(乞)' has developed from denoting 'giving',to 'making',and to 'passiveness'.At the later stage,it continued its evolution from denoting 'passiveness',to 'suffering',to 'unexpectedness',and to 'emphasizing'.The last two meanings of 'q?(乞)' in Puxian dialect best demonstrate its characteristics.The semantic development of 'q?(乞)' shows a possible tendency of grammaticalization of passive makers at a later stage.