不同铜盐药剂处理对压花叶材保绿效果的影响

Effects of Different Copper Reagents on the Color-keeping of Pressed Flower

以南天竹、芍药、三叶草、铁线蕨、茶梅和桂花6种植物的绿色叶片为试材,采用1%、2.5%、5%、饱和浓度的硫酸铜溶液和1∶4、2∶3配方浓度的醋酸铜溶液对所有叶材进行热处理试验,对其中效果不佳的薄型叶材再尝试使用配方药剂冷处理的方法,对单纯热处理失败的超厚叶材再结合采用人为造伤的方法,研究不同铜盐药剂处理方法对压花叶材保绿效果的影响。结果表明:南天竹和芍药叶采用5%硫酸铜浸煮保色法热处理后结合微波压制可达到理想的保绿效果;三叶草和铁线蕨在加热保色过程中易煮软煮烂、卷缩出现皱褶,药剂冷浸渍处理法结合恒温烘箱压制法保色效果更佳;茶梅叶和桂花叶由于表面带有蜡质,很难使药剂渗透,用背面磨伤处理的方法结合5%硫酸铜热处理保色效果好。

Leaves of six species（nandina,peony,trefoil,pteridophyte,camellia sasanqua,laurel）were taken as experimental materials.The leaves were soaked in heated copper sulfate solutions with 1%,2.5%,5%,saturated concentrations and acetic copper solutions with 1∶4 and 2∶3concentrations progressively.The leaves of trefoil and pteridophyte,which didn＇t appear so good in heated solutions,were treated again with cold solutions,and the leaves of camellia sasanqua and laurel,which were failed in the former treatments,were injured artificially and treated with the same solutions again.The effects of different copper reagents on the color-keeping of pressed flower were studied.The results showed that the ideal method for color-keeping of the leaves of nandina and peony was firstly soaking in heated solution of 5% CuSO4 or Cu（CH3COO）2and then drying with microwave;the leaves of trefoil and pteridophyte were easily softened and shrunk in the heated solution,so soaking in cold solution and drying with thermostat oven was the best method for these leaves;the leaves of camellia sasanqua and laurel,the surfaces of which were covered with wax,were difficult to be permeated by color-preserving solution.So for these kinds of leaves,the best method was treated by the combination of rubbing the back of the leaves and soaking in heated 5% CuSO_4 solution.